Immunology Depertment

Facilities

Laboratories: BMMRC has a well-established laboratory including facilities for Immunology work viz., Cell-culture lab for antigen-specific T cell assays, Flow cytometry, ELISA and basic molecular techniques such as PCR & RT-PCR. There are four deep-freezers (-80 C), two -20C freezers and one cryo-freezer with liquid nitrogen as a back-up. PBMCs separation and cryo-freezing are done routinely. We also use an in-house assay to detect Latent TB infection.

Iravatham’s Laboratory is an affiliated mycobacteriology laboratory accredited by NABL, where liquid/solid cultures, Gene Expert and LPA are performed. Part of IPAQT, the lab is enrolled in EQA for biochemistry, immunoassay & microbiology and for mycobacterial/TB diagnostics by smear microscopy, culture, differentiation, NAAT and drug-sensitivity. The score for all the tests was 100% in the year 2018.

Hospital: Mahavir Hospital of which BMMRC is a part is a 220-bedded hospital with OP Clinics, in-patient facilities backed by acute and intensive care units.

Tuberculosis Units: The hospital houses a Free TB Clinic, including two DNCs as part of RNTCP. In addition, we have access to at least 10 more DMCs covering about 15 to 20 lakhs population.

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Key Personnel

Leadership

Dr. Vijaya Lakshmi Valluri – Head & Scientist, Immunology Molecular Biology Department, BMMRC

The PI, Dr. Vijaya, has more than 100 publications, with at least 75 focused on tuberculosis. She pioneered numerous advancements in immunology and genetics related to mycobacterial diseases. Her work in TB vaccine research includes identifying the waning efficacy of the BCG vaccine and advocating for booster doses. She revealed that only 70% of vaccinated children were protected due to genetic mutations affecting IFN-γ levels. Notably, she discovered Antigen 85A as a key protein for vaccine development and treatment monitoring.

Her groundbreaking work in identifying biomarkers for latent and active TB has led to novel T-cell-based assays that predict conversion to LTBI, with potential to outperform current assays. Additionally, she’s conducting pioneering stem cell research for nerve restoration in leprosy patients, funded by ICMR.

Dr. Vijaya is a distinguished expert member in the Vaccine Group of the Indian TB Research Consortium (ITRC) and is a widely recognized leader in her field.

About Dr. Vijaya Lakshmi Valluri
  • Ph.D. in Immunogenetics with over 25 years of research experience
  • Expertise in immunologic and genetic studies of tuberculosis and leprosy
  • Investigated the efficacy of BCG vaccine and in vitro correlates of protection
  • Recipient of funding and fellowships from DBT, AIIMS, and Colorado State University
  • Currently collaborating with Dr. Vankayalapati under Indo-US TB VAP (DBT & NIH)
  • Extensive research on NK cells, monocytes, and T regulatory cells in TB protection
  • Authored 103 publications including review articles and book contributions
  • Supervised 12 Ph.D. fellows from Osmania University & JNTU
  • Co-chair of RePORT Consortium under Indo-US VAP
  • Delivered invited talks at national & international conferences
  • Scientific Advisory Board Member, World Vaccine Congress, BITS Life Sciences, China
  • Member, 5th Global Forum on TB Vaccines, 2018

Her career reflects a strong commitment to translational research and international scientific collaboration, with a lasting impact on public health and infectious disease control in India and beyond.

TEAM

Kamakshi Prudhula is pursuing her PhD in Biotechnology, she works as Research Coordinator at Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Centre- BMMRC. Kamakshi Prudhula has over 9 years of experience in HIV and TB immunology. Areas of her interest are biomarkers for progression to active tuberculosis in HIV infected and household contacts of TB patients. She is currently working on NK cells, Monocytes, T cells and associated cytokines in individuals with latent TB to understand their dynamics during progression to Active tuberculosis. She believes that bio markers to predict activation of TB in high risk population would ensure targeted prophylaxis and decrease in TB burden. She has over 10 peer reviewed manuscripts in international journals and cumulative impactor is 40. She received 50000 USD grant from NIH as a young investigator. She participated and presented on various topics in national and international conferences. She is voted for and currently serving as Co-Chair for RePORT India consortium common protocol.

Prudhula will submit her PhD thesis in Biotechnology this month. She was successful in obtaining an USD 50000 independent grant from CRDF/NIH and also travel fellowship from NIH - NIAID (2016). Actively involved in preparation of the Common protocol, she is also the co-chair of Common protocol. She recently published three first author papers on Immunology of Tuberculosis and co-infection with HIV in peer-reviewed journals such as BioMed Central Infectious Diseases, Cytokine & Tuberculosis. She also has other co-author publications in European Journal of Immunology, Journal of Infectious diseases, PLOS One, PLOS Pathogens etc (cumulative impact factor of 40). She has 9 years of experience in immunology of TB and HIV.

Dr. Venkata Sanjeev Kumar Neela (PhD Biochemistry)

Dr. Sanjeev hold PhD in Biochemistry from Osmania University and currently working as Research Associate and Data Manager. Dr. Sanjeev has been fascinated by structural-functional relationship of biomolecules and their contributions to protection in mycobacterial infections.

Dr. Shilpa Rakh, Lab Coordinator

Dr Shilpa Rakh holds a PhD degree in Genetics from Osmania University, Hyderabad. She specialises in immunology research focused on tuberculosis disease susceptibility. She has over 16 years of experience in research and biopharma industry in India and abroad. She is working at Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Center as a Laboratory Coordinator looking after the various research programs and as a site sub-coordinator for clinical trials.

Dr. Aparna Sykam, Research Associate-I

Dr. Aparna Sykam have a Ph.D in Biotechnology with a demonstrated experience in Immunology and Molecular Biology of infectious diseases like HIV, TB and Leprosy as evidenced by 6 publications. Her current work at Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Centre, Hyderabad, as a Research Associate-I, involves identifying the immunological factors responsible for resistance or susceptibility to TB which would help in understanding the underlying mechanisms and identifying the disease specific markers.

Dr. Aparna, PhD in Biotechnology

She attended the National Operational Research Course-2018, conducted by The Union in collaboration with Central TB Division and National Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (NITRD) as part of research capacity building of TB program in India and is supported by The Global Fund. She developed a study protocol based on the retrospective data of ongoing projects on socio-demographic and clinical factors and is presently implementing it..

Management / Support

The management of Mahavir Hospital & Research Centre has been supporting research on TB for more than 30 years. Proposed by Late Dr. KJR Murthy, the ‘Mahavir Model for PPM-DOTS’ was not only successful but gained international fame for its innovation and cost-effectiveness. This was later adopted for implementation in the RNTCP. BMMRC established a Public-Private Mix – DOTS programme in 1995. All the 110 private practitioners in the area were encouraged to refer symptomatic patients to the hospital for sputum examination and DOTS.

The study in the first 6 years was supported by the Department for International Development and sponsored by WHO, Geneva. In 2004, BMRC was chosen by the Indian government to carry out the Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria Project of Urban DOTS in Hyderabad. The project has been operational since February 1st, 2005.

Furthermore, BMMRC is part of the Centre of Excellence for Tuberculosis, supported by DBT titled, “Multidisciplinary approaches aimed at interventions against Mycobacterium tuberculosis”. Late Dr. KJR Murthy was instrumental in establishing these programs and was honored by former President William J. Clinton of the USA, who visited Mahavir Hospital on World TB Day in 2000.

BMMRC is part of the ITRC. Most of the research that goes on in the institute is related to tuberculosis. The management is keen on developing this centre as a centre of excellence for tuberculosis.

Ph.D Scholars (Awarded & Pursuing)

  • Dr. S. Aparna – Awarded
  • Dr. NV Sanjeev Kumar – Awarded
  • Dr. Praveen Keshav – Awarded
  • DK Prudhula – Pursuing Ph.D in Biotechnology

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